NEUTRALIZATION OF GASES DURING METAL CASTING ACCORDING TO GASIFIED MODELS AND PREREQUISITES FOR USING 3D PRINTED MODELS FOR THIS

Processy litʹâ, 2021, Tom 145, №3 p. 32-43

Abstract

UDK 621.74.045

Received 24.06.2021

Strengthening the competitiveness of industrial products, introducing resource and energy efficient technologies is responsible for environmental modernization and increasing productivity, in particular, of foundry, as the main procurement base of mechanical engineering, as well as reducing metal consumption, improving cast designs, including using 3D technologies for manufacturing precise cast blanks of complex geometry. In the performed review of methods of Lost Foam Casting (LFC) Process, options are traced for eliminating product emissions from gasification of the model into the air of the shop and minimizing their contamination of the sand of the mold. With the transition from casting according to 3D-printed polymer models, which are burned out in furnaces from shell molds, to the casting method according to such gasified models in evacuated molds from loose sand, with the oxidation of gasification products, the duration decreases and the production of a sand mold is simplified. The use of additively manufactured models, as an example of digital-physical transformation, has the advantage of “structural freedom”, which manifests itself in bionic structures of lightweight castings. The evacuated form with holes (overflows) of the described design not only removes gasification products, but also allows them to be partially neutralized by burning them in a heated metal state, has a positive environmental impact and saves costs for exhaust ventilation in the workshop. An increase in the stability of the content of inviolable walls of the evacuated mold from loose sand and, accordingly, the stability of the quality of castings according to additively manufactured models is achieved by using the V-Process methods. By reducing the mass of the model due to the partial substitution of its material with the help of equipment for making holes (overflows) in the casting mold, it helps to reduce the amount of gasification products in an amount close to the spent LFC methods with models made of expanded polystyrene.