Analysis of metal systems for developing creep-resistant aluminum alloys. A review
Processy litʹâ, 2021, Tom 144, №2, p.53-60
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/plit2021.02.053Keywords:
material development, creap-resistant aluminum alloys, cast aluminum alloys, eutectic systemsAbstract
Received 28.04.2021
UDK 669.018.44:669.715
This article considers the role of the main alloying elements that have the most significant impact on the formation of aluminum alloys physical and mechanical properties for operation at high temperatures. Significant interest in research and prospects of casting compositions based mainly on eutectic systems and elements or compounds that can positively affect the structure and phase composition of alloys to increase their high temperature strength is shown. The analysis and comparison of the known systems Al–Si, Al–Cu, and Al–Mn with the systems Al–Fe, Al–Cr, Al–Ce, Al–Ni, Al–Ni–La, and others potentially suitable for creation of creap-resistant compositions are reviewed. Peculiarities of the structural-phase state, physical and mechanical characteristics of binary aluminum alloys, and the influence of the considered components on these indicators, depending on their content alloys obtaining conditions are considered. It is noted that the eutectic system Al–Ca, despite some similarities with other considered systems, does not meet the necessary requirements for the creation of alloys, operating at elevated temperatures. However, experimental cast alloys of this system are characterized by high specific strength and ductility. The following trends in the development of heat-resistant aluminum alloys have been identified: the use of almost insoluble elements and elements with a low diffusion coefficient in aluminum; creation of eutectic type complex-alloyed multicomponent alloys; creation of rapidly crystallized multicomponent alloys, which are subjected to further pressing and sintering. The development of cast alloys of Al–Fe– Mn–Ni, Al–Fe–Cr–Mn–Ni, and Al–Ni–La systems with nanostructured thermally stable eutectic deserves special attention and seems to be the main trend in reviewed question. The need for research related to microalloying and modification of such alloys is indicated.
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