WAYS TO SOLVE THE DIRECT AND INVERSE PROBLEM «CHEMICAL COMPOSITION–PROPERTIES» OF CAST IRON
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/plit2026.01.043Keywords:
foundry production, cast iron, chemical composition, carbon equivalent, eutecticity, mechanical propertiesAbstract
The relevance and technical and economic efficiency of introducing the practice of predicting the mechanical properties of cast iron based on its chemical composition determined during smelting into foundry production is demonstrated. Well-known approaches to solving the classic problem of «chemical composition–properties» of cast iron in foundry production theory are analysed. The features of solving the direct problem are considered, namely in the formulation where the mechanical properties of cast iron (strength limit, hardness, etc.) are considered depending on the percentage content of chemical elements in its composition. The inverse problem is also considered, where, in the opposite approach, the subject of the search is the chemical composition of cast iron depending on its predetermined mechanical or physical properties or operational characteristics. The equations and empirical formulas presented in the scientific literature, which reflect the relationship between the strength and hardness of grey cast iron and the degree of eutecticity and carbon equivalent of its chemical composition, have been analysed. These indicators largely generalise and characterise the chemical composition of cast iron. The shortcomings of the known formulas lie in the uncertainty of the methods used to calculate the carbon equivalent and eutecticity of cast iron when developing the formulas. It has been shown that the methods that involve determining the carbon equivalent and eutecticity in a probabilistic approach using the Monte Carlo method are reliable and accurate. Solving the inverse problem, namely calculating the required content of chemical elements in the composition of cast iron to ensure its specified properties, is more difficult than solving the direct problem of the «chemical composition–properties» of cast iron. Possible ways of solving direct and inverse problems are considered using the example of grey cast iron with lamellar graphite.
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