INFLUENCE OF DIRECT ELECTRIC CURRENT ON THE QUALITY OF STEEL DURING CRYSTALLIZATION MELT IN THE MOLD
Keywords:
constant electric current, steel, crystallization, electrotransfer, nonmetallic inclusionsAbstract
Optical and electron microscopy, hardness measurements were used in the work. It is established that due to the influence of electric current on the metal melt in the casting mold, it is possible to obtain cast parts with an increased content of alloying elements in the surface layer of the casting. For the practical realization of this process, a constant electric current should be used, since it creates directional crystallization from the cathode to the anode, for manganese, the difference in concentration between the anode and the cathode is 26 % 35ГЛ, which allows the crystallization process of the castings to be controlled and facilitates the movement of the alloying elements in the inner layers of the casting during its cooling and crystallization. It has been experimentally
established that the position of electrodes in the casting in the mold have a significant effect on the electrotransfer of the components in the melts. Thus, the efficiency of the current processing of steel melt in the horizontal plane is reduced by 4−8 times compared with the treatment of the melt in the vertical plane due to convective flows. Current processing of alloys leads to an increase in the hardness of the alloy − at the cathode the hardness increases by 7 %.
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