Some Features of Compositions, Properties and Marking Standard Rail Steels

Processy litʹâ, 2019, Tom 137, №5, p.37-43

Abstract

Received 12.08.2019

UDK 621.771.26:389.6

A comparative analysis of the chemical compositions, mechanical properties and marking of rail steels established by the standards of Ukraine, the European Union and the russian Federation is carried out. The basic alloying complexes and schemes for additional alloying of rail steels of the standards of different countries are established. The Ukrainian standard displays in the marking of rail steels the type of melting furnace in which steel is smelted. The Ukrainian standard marks rails based on the level of steel properties and establishes four categories of rails. Four categories of rails can be made from 18 grades of rail steels. The level of steel properties in rails is achieved by heat treatment of rails. According to the standards of the European Union and the russian Federation, the type of rails is determined by the grade of steel. The basic alloying complexes are similar according to the standards of Ukraine, the European Union and the russian Federation. According to the standards of the European Union and the russian Federation, additional alloying schemes include chromium, vanadium and nitrogen. The Ukrainian standard does not use chromium, vanadium and nitrogen, but uses titanium in two steel grades. The standards of the European Union and the russian Federation regulate 7 grades of rail steels. The level of properties of rail steels according to the standards of Ukraine, the European Union and the russian Federation is almost at the same level. The standards of the European Union and the russian Federation provide a level of yield strength of rail steels higher than the requirements of the standard of Ukraine.It was established that without appropriate daptation of the standards among themselves, mutual replacements of rails manufactured in different countries cannot be carried out.